The extinguishing gases and panel/detection solutions used in gas fire suppression systems, each engineered to a specific risk profile through hydraulic calculation.
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FM-200 (HFC-227ea) is a colorless, odorless, electrically non-conductive clean agent that discharges in under 10 seconds and extinguishes fire mainly by absorbing heat; with its design concentration calculated below human-safety limits, it can be used in occupied spaces together with a pre-discharge alarm and evacuation procedure.
FK-5-1-12 is a fluoroketone-based clean agent that discharges in under 10 seconds and carries an exceptionally low environmental footprint (GWP of 1, atmospheric lifetime of about 5 days); because its design concentration is calculated below its NOAEL (10%), it can be used in occupied spaces together with a pre-discharge alarm and evacuation procedure.
IG-541 (Inergen) is a natural inert gas blend of 52% nitrogen, 40% argon, and 8% carbon dioxide that extinguishes fire by lowering ambient oxygen to a level that can no longer sustain combustion, while remaining breathable for a limited time; its CO2 component stimulates respiration, but the space is still alarmed and evacuated before discharge.
IG-55 (Argonite) is a CO2-free inert gas suppression agent made of 50% nitrogen and 50% argon; it extinguishes fire by lowering ambient oxygen below the level needed to sustain combustion, without damaging electronics or sensitive materials.
A CO2 gaseous fire suppression system is a high-pressure total flooding system that extinguishes Class A, B, and C fires by lowering the oxygen level in an enclosed space below the point where combustion can continue; because that concentration is dangerous to breathe, CO2 is used only in unoccupied or evacuated spaces.
An in-cabinet gaseous suppression system is a compact unit installed directly inside an electrical panel or equipment cabinet, triggered by a pressurized polymer detection tube that bursts at roughly 100–110°C; it discharges FM-200, Novec 1230, or CO2 right at the heat source without needing a separate electronic detection system.
A fire detection system evaluates signals from heat, smoke (visible/invisible), and flame detectors on a zone-by-zone basis and triggers automatic gaseous suppression through the control panel; it is the trigger layer of a suppression system and does not extinguish fire on its own.
Values summarize the sourced information on our product pages. Exact figures are taken from the approval documents of the system used on the project.
| System | Agent family | Storage | Extinguishing action | Occupied spaces | GWP | Cylinder space |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FM-200 (HFC-227ea) | Chemical clean agent (HFC) | Liquid, nitrogen-pressurized (typically 25 or 42 bar) | Mainly heat absorption | Suitable: design concentration below the NOAEL (9%), with alarm and evacuation | High (HFC) | Small |
| FK-5-1-12 (Novec 1230) | Chemical clean agent (fluoroketone) | Liquid, nitrogen-pressurized (25–50 bar) | Mainly heat absorption | Suitable: design concentration below the NOAEL (10%), with alarm and evacuation | 1 | Small |
| IG-541 (Inergen) | Inert gas (52% N₂, 40% Ar, 8% CO₂) | Compressed gas (150, 200 or 300 bar at 15 °C) | Oxygen dilution | Suitable: within the NFPA 2001 concentration and exposure-time limits | ≈0 | Large |
| IG-55 (Argonite) | Inert gas (50% N₂, 50% Ar) | Compressed gas (150, 200 or 300 bar at 15 °C) | Oxygen dilution | Suitable: same NFPA 2001 limits as IG-541 | 0 | Large |
| CO₂ (carbon dioxide) | Carbon dioxide | Liquefied, about 55–60 bar at room temperature | Oxygen dilution (minimum 34% concentration) | Not suitable: unoccupied or evacuated spaces only | 1 | Medium–large |
The chemical clean agents (FM-200, FK-5-1-12) are also within the scope of the EU universal PFAS restriction proposal, which is still under assessment; details on our FK-5-1-12 page.
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CO₂ is not used where people may be present.
If the risk is individual panels rather than the whole room, an in-panel system suppresses the fire at its source with less agent and without the need for room integrity.
Zero or near-zero GWP and outside the PFAS process; needs more cylinders and a separate cylinder room. Designed within the NFPA 2001 limits in occupied spaces.
Needs few cylinders and has the lowest GWP (1) among chemical agents; the design concentration stays below the NOAEL.
A chemical clean agent with a long track record that needs few cylinders. Its GWP is high and it falls under fluorinated-gas regulations.
A low agent-cost option for normally unoccupied spaces with controlled access, also suited to local application. Lock-out, pre-discharge alarm and evacuation are mandatory.
This pre-assessment does not replace the engineering calculation. The final choice depends on the volume, room integrity, the applicable standard and the system manufacturer's approvals.
PDF documents for specification work, test preparation and product information.
Collect the rooms, dimensions and preferences on one page; fill it in and send it by e-mail.
FM-200, FK-5-1-12, IG-541, IG-55 and CO2: storage, action, occupied spaces, GWP and cylinder space.
What a gas suppression specification should cover: standard, agent, design, approvals, door fan test, commissioning and maintenance.
What to check before a door fan test: access, dampers, ventilation and openings.
Brochure of the Fire Eater technology used in our inert gas suppression systems.
Liquid level checks in suppression cylinders without removal (Portalevel), inert gas pressure monitoring (Portagas), clean agent loss monitoring (Permamass) and room integrity test devices.
Gas suppression systems fall into two main families: inert gases (IG-541, IG-55), which extinguish by diluting oxygen, and chemical clean agents (FM-200, FK-5-1-12), which absorb heat and interrupt the combustion reaction. CO2 is a separate class used only in unoccupied spaces. These questions drive the choice:
The final choice of agent is an engineering decision that weighs occupancy, room integrity, environmental priorities and the applicable standard. All system types, applications and project steps are brought together on our gas fire suppression systems home page.
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